BS7 draft likely in couple of months: MoRTH

BS7 draft likely in couple of months: MoRTH
BS7 draft likely in couple of months: MoRTH

“We are ready with the next level of Bharat Stage [emission] standards and the final consultations are underway. We hopefully should be in a position to bring out the draft in a couple of months’ time for the BS 7 introduction,” Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) Secretary V Umashankar said at the 2026 SIAM Annual Convention in Delhi. 

Bharat Stage norms limit the emissions of pollutants like hydrocarbons, sulphur and oxides of nitrogen from vehicles. India currently follows BS6 Phase 2 (or BS6.2) norms, which came into effect on April 1, 2023. “I think the industry is also preparing itself for it. The key challenge there would be the timelines,” Umashankar added.

What changes with BS7?

BS7 will put a greater focus on pollution levels from vehicles in real-world driving conditions rather than laboratory testing. Unlike the dramatic transition from BS4 to BS6, the move to BS7 is a natural progression from BS6. This should put relatively less pressure on manufacturers to upgrade their vehicles. Prices may also go up slightly due to the upgrades. Some models could even be discontinued if upgrading them to meet BS7 norms is not financially viable, something that we saw during the move from BS4 to BS6 in 2020.

Bharat Stage emission norms so far

Bharat Stage emission norms were introduced in India in the year 2000 with the implementation of BS1 standards, while also rolling out BS2 across major cities in a phased manner. BS2 was based on European emission regulations, with the main difference being the test cycle’s top speed – 90kph versus 120kph in Europe.

India remained one stage behind Europe until 2010, after which the oil industry could not supply the low-sulphur fuel needed to progress to BS5 before eventually leapfrogging from BS4 to BS6 in 2020.

How are CAFE norms different from BS standards?

Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) norms deal with overall fuel consumption, specifically the quantity of fuel consumed. Imposed on a carmaker’s entire fleet, and not on an individual model, it’s a limit set on the total emission of carbon dioxide produced. These norms force manufacturers to make more fuel efficient cars, which impacts many other things. Whereas, Bharat Stage norms measure emissions at a vehicular level.

Kinetic Watts & Volts eyes seven overseas markets

Kinetic Watts & Volts eyes seven overseas markets
Kinetic Watts & Volts eyes seven overseas markets

Kinetic Watts & Volts (KWV) is evaluating seven international markets as the Pune-based electric two-wheeler maker looks to expand beyond India. Turkey, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Kenya, Nigeria and Egypt are currently being assessed, with KWV studying local regulations, customer requirements, electric two-wheeler demand and potential distribution partners.

  1. International expansion to cover markets across Europe, South Asia and Africa
  2. Makarand Joshi appointed to lead KWV’s international business development
  3. Company plans to add 40 more exclusive showrooms in India

Kinetic EV international expansion plans

It has also issued 150 LOIs to prospective dealership partners.

KWV currently sells the Kinetic DX and DX+ electric scooters in India, with the range positioned around accessible urban mobility. The company is now looking to identify markets and distribution partners that can support its next phase of growth overseas.

KWV has appointed Makarand Joshi as head of international business development to lead its overseas plans. Joshi has more than two decades of experience in developing overseas markets for Indian automotive products, with experience across Asia, the Middle East, Europe and Africa. His background includes two-wheelers, commercial vehicles and tractors, as well as international distribution and market-entry strategies.

Ajinkya Firodia, Vice Chairman and Managing Director, Kinetic Watts & Volts, said the company’s products had been designed with a broad range of markets in mind. He added that the momentum of its domestic business had allowed KWV to begin laying the groundwork for international expansion. The company is yet to confirm which of the seven markets it will enter or provide a timeline for its overseas launch.

KWV’s international plans come as it continues to build its presence in the Indian market. The company currently has 45 exclusive showrooms and expects another 40 outlets to become operational within the next two months. It has also issued 150 Letters of Intent (LOI) to prospective dealership partners.

With inputs from ANGITHA SURESH

Reborn Toyota Celica to offer hybrid AWD powertrain

Reborn Toyota Celica to offer hybrid AWD powertrain
toyota ft-se design sketch

Over two decades after the Toyota Celica nameplate was discontinued with the seventh-generation model, the Japanese carmaker is set to bring the moniker back with a new hybrid all-wheel drive sports coupe, per a new report from Autocar UK. Internally referred to as the Celica Sport, the eighth-gen model will serve as an entry point to Toyota’s performance-focused GR line-up, and is expected to directly rival the Honda Prelude.

The Celica’s return was officially confirmed by Toyota in late 2024 as part of an effort to revive the “three brothers,” which is chairman Akio Toyoda’s affectionate nickname for the Supra, Celica, and MR2. The Supra nameplate came back as part of a joint collaboration with BMW in 2019 for the fifth-gen model (codename: A90), with the Celica likely to be next. A new mid-engined MR2 is tipped to be in development too.

Eighth-gen Toyota Celica: Everything we know

Toyota Corolla Concept. Image used for representation only.

Like prior generations of the Celica, the eighth-gen model is anticipated to use the underpinnings of a mainstream Toyota car, possibly the next-gen Corolla. The front-engined coupe is likely to be powered by Toyota’s all-new 2.0-litre 4-cylinder turbo-petrol engine that debuted last year, which is codenamed the G20E. This motor has a shorter piston stroke than Toyota’s current engines, making it lighter and more compact, and is expected to output around 400hp and 500Nm in road-going applications.

The G20E engine will be paired with a hybrid system in the new Celica – it remains unclear whether the setup will be strong hybrid or plug-in hybrid. A Toyota spokesperson confirmed to Autocar UK that the eighth-gen Celica will be fitted with AWD as well.

Toyota GR GT. Image used for representation only.

As for the form factor, expect the eighth-gen Celica to be a two-door coupe, much like its predecessors. Styling may draw inspiration from the top-of-the-line Toyota GR GT supercar, which looks quite rakish and menacing. Interestingly, there will be a WRC version of the new Celica for the 2027 season. A prototype of the same was spotted testing a few months ago, sporting an all-new, relatively compact two-door body.

Since the 2027 WRC regulations mandate a 1.6-litre engine, however, the rally Celica is expected to use an evolved version of the GR Yaris’s 3-cylinder turbo-petrol motor. Speaking to Autocar UK, Gazoo Racing marketing manager Mikio Hayashi said, “The displacement size of 1.6 litres, for example, cannot meet emission regulations. So we have to consider the possibility of a 2.0-litre” for the road-going Celica, lending further credence to the utilisation of the G20E.

2026 Lamborghini Urus SE review: Thunder and lightning

2026 Lamborghini Urus SE review: Thunder and lightning
2026 Lamborghini Urus SE review

When introduced originally, the Lamborghini Urus rewrote the playbook of what an SUV could be. Sharp to look at, ferociously fast and with a mighty V8 soundtrack, the Urus has become the benchmark of performance SUVs. Now though, thanks to ever tightening regulations, the Urus has had to pivot to hybridisation. But has that diluted the experience? We got behind the wheel of the Lamborghini Urus SE to answer that question.

Lamborghini Urus SE Exterior Design and Engineering – 9/10

Urus SE has a more rounded-off design than its predecessor, but it’s no less menacing.

In comparison to the older Urus and the mad Urus Performante, the Urus SE does appear a bit softer and more rounded off. But that’s not to say it lacks presence by any means. It’s still full of sharp angles and surfaces, the Arancio Borealis optional paint on our test car looked stunning as did the diamond-cut, multi-spoke 23-inch alloy wheels. Up front, there’s a new bonnet, redesigned bumper and a larger front grille, while the slimmer headlights are now matrix LED units and a different DRL signature.

Rear end features quad-exhaust setup, sporty raked roofline, and a hexagon-patterned grille connecting the tail-lights.

The differences are immediately apparent at the rear too, with a new tailgate, rear bumper and a connecting tail-light grille. As always, Lamborghini’s Ad Personam personalisation programme offers an enormous scope for customisation, so buyers can tailor the Urus SE as per their needs. It remains a substantial machine, measuring 5.12m long and 2.02m wide, with a 3m wheelbase. Kerb weight is a hefty 2,505kg, which makes the fact that it can sprint from 0-100kph in just 3.4sec all the more impressive. 

Lamborghini Urus SE Interior Space and Comfort – 8/10

Dashboard layout is premium and feature-loaded, and gets a lot of Lamborghini theatrics.

Inside, the Urus SE retains the familiar Lamborghini approach of combining the ambience of a supercar with the practicality expected of an SUV. However, the changes here are less apparent than those on the outside. The centre console is ever so slightly redesigned with a new array of toggle switches under the touchscreen. The touchscreen itself is larger than the earlier Urus, with updated graphics and a slicker user interface.

Lamborghini’s signature flip-up engine start/stop button is inspired by those of fighter jets.

There’s plenty of visual theatre, too, and it looks just as extroverted as the outside. Standout elements include the hexagonal AC vents, the Lamborghini badging on the dashboard, the aircraft-style levers for the drive modes and of course, the fighter-jet inspired flap-up engine start/stop button. Lamborghini has also introduced new colour and trim combinations with the SE, with our test car featuring the same predominantly orange theme as on the outside.

Rear space is surprisingly plentiful given the Urus SE’s sporty proclivities.

Despite all the drama, this remains a practical SUV. The long wheelbase means there’s plenty of legroom at the rear and it’s wide enough for three too, though taller passengers may find headroom a bit tight thanks to the tapering roofline. The front seats are large, well padded and the optional Lamborghini crest on the headrests just adds to the ambience. The glovebox is decent sized, there’s cupholders and the boot offers 454 litres of capacity.

Lamborghini Urus SE Features and Safety – 8/10

Info-packed driver’s display interface can get confusing at times.

As standard, the Urus SE gets plenty of features like the three screen setup – for the infotainment, AC system and driver’s display – wireless Android Auto and Apple CarPlay, LED matrix headlamps, four-zone auto climate control, leather upholstery, 360-degree camera, connected car tech and so much more. 

The SE also gets a comprehensive technology upgrade, with the new user interface being one of the more significant updates. It features a carousel-style layout on the touchscreen to access the numerous sub-menus it packs in, while the driver’s display shows all sorts of data pertaining to the hybrid system, navigation, media and other car-related info. Navigating all the sub-menus can get confusing, however.

New Lamborghini Telemetry function comes with over 300 pre-loaded racetracks to record lap times on.

There’s also ‘Lamborghini Telemetry’ that can display lap times and sector information for more than 300 preloaded circuits, as well as record new tracks. Connected services extend to navigation, real-time traffic, remote locking, vehicle-status information, remote charging, remote cooling of the cabin and various safety and security alerts.

Also part of the package is ADAS tech like autonomous emergency braking, lane keep assist, adaptive cruise control and more. But there’s a lot that’s optional too, like a large panoramic sunroof, a Bang and Olufsen 3D audio system and a whole lot more, apart from the usual trim, material and stitching options. On the whole, the Urus SE is well-equipped but some of the optional extras really could have been standard fitment given the asking price. 

Lamborghini Urus SE Performance and Refinement – 9/10

Twin-turbo V8 and electric motor develop a combined 800hp and 950Nm.

As for the numbers, they are, predictably, staggering. The Urus SE combines the familiar 4.0-litre twin-turbo V8 with a 25.9kWh lithium-ion battery and a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor for an eye-watering combined output of 800hp and 950Nm. The result is 0-100kph in 3.4sec and 0-200kph in 11.2sec, with a claimed top speed of 312kph. Those figures put the Urus SE firmly in supercar territory, despite its size and weight.

And it does feel like one from behind the wheel too, especially in a straight line. Acceleration is relentless and it feels borderline scary on narrow, two-lane roads. The Urus SE always feels like it has power in reserve, especially when you’ve got the powertrain fully dialled up. There’s Strada mode for everyday driving, Sport for when you want to have a bit more fun and of course, Corsa for when you want a proper scare. Couple that with the hybrid system in its full performance mode, and the SE can really feel overwhelming. But if you don’t drive with a heavy foot, it’s surprisingly cordial and sedate. The SE really has a Jekyll and Hyde character about it.

Unrelenting acceleration can get scary on public roads.

What makes the SE more interesting than simply being a faster Urus is the way the electric motor has been integrated. Of course, it’s to help with emissions and meet regulations, but it’s also to boost performance. In EV mode, it can reach up to 135kph and go as far as 66km. But with a flick of a switch, it can turn from silent to violent. 

The V8 also hasn’t become anonymous with the hybridisation. It still makes its presence felt, especially through the optional Akrapovic exhaust our car came fitted with, but it does feel a bit subdued. It’s also piped through the speakers, which doesn’t feel entirely ethical but it does help its case.

Optional Akrapovic exhaust system helps enhance the V8’s aural character.

Lamborghini has also paid considerable attention to keeping performance consistent, with additional cooling for the powertrain and brakes. Not that we ever managed to push it so hard to test out that claim. And apart from the aforementioned drive modes, there’s even some off-road modes baked in, but how many buyers actually take their prized possession off the grippy stuff remains to be seen. 

Lamborghini Urus SE Mileage and Efficiency – 7/10

This is where the Urus SE’s plug-in hybrid system makes a big difference. Lamborghini quotes a WLTP combined energy consumption of 4.67km/kWh plus 17.54kpl. With a discharged battery, however, combined claimed fuel efficiency falls to 7.75kpl.

Thanks to the 25.9kWh battery, the Urus SE claims a 66km all-electric range.

The headline figure therefore needs some context. The SE’s efficiency advantage is greatest when the battery is regularly topped up. With a claimed 66km of EV range, many shorter daily journeys can theoretically be completed without the V8 needing to fire up at all.

For longer journeys, the hybrid system allows the electric motor and V8 to share the workload. But once the battery is depleted, this remains a 2.5-tonne SUV with a twin-turbo V8, so expectations of conventional-SUV fuel economy would be unrealistic.

Lamborghini Urus SE Ride Comfort and Handling – 8/10

Ride isn’t all that absorbent due to the low-profile Pirelli P Zero tyres.

The Urus SE uses a multilink suspension setup front and rear with semi-active dampers, all of which make this large SUV feel engaging around corners without sacrificing comfort. There is a sense of pliancy at low speeds with the ride firming up as speeds rise. Of course, riding on 23-inch wheels means you can feel potholes and road imperfections, but still it isn’t uncomfortable by any means.

Rear-wheel steering, semi-active dampers, e-diff, and torque vectoring help make the Urus SE a keen handler.

It also gets rear-wheel steering, which helps make it more manageable at lower speeds while contributing to agility at higher speeds. The SE feels eager to change direction and the e-diff and clever torque vectoring system do their best to keep things tidy around bends. You also get a good sensation from the steering which has good heft to it and the Pirelli P Zero tyres it comes with are grippy too. Lamborghini has also worked on the aerodynamics, with a new rear aero lip and diffuser increasing rear downforce by 35 percent over the Urus S. Overall though, the SE feels agile enough but there’s no escaping its heavy kerb weight.

Giant carbon-ceramic brakes peek out from behind the 23-inch alloys.

You’re also backed by massive carbon-ceramic brakes, measuring 440mm at the front and 410mm at the rear, and they do take some time getting used to. They may not have the initial bite like with conventional steel brakes, but the stopping power is immense and they stay consistent despite repeated hard braking, which is essential in something as big and powerful as the Urus SE.

Lamborghini Urus SE Value for Money – 7/10

The Urus SE is arguably the most convincing expression yet of Lamborghini’s super-SUV. More importantly, it hasn’t sacrificed the characteristics that make a Lamborghini feel special in the pursuit of meeting ever tightening restrictions. There’s still a V8, it’s still outlandish inside and out, and it still delivers a driving experience that goes well beyond what you’d expect from something this large. All of that while adding the benefit of the plug-in hybrid system for performance and efficiency, as well as properly usable EV range. 

The Urus SE is the all-in-one Lamborghini.

At Rs 4.47 crore (ex-showroom, before options), of course, the Urus SE is expensive. But that’s almost beside the point. The Urus SE isn’t for those who expect rational value; it is for those who want a vehicle that can combine supercar pace, SUV practicality, luxury, all-electric driving and aspirational brand value all in one package. As a technological statement and a performance SUV then, the Urus SE makes a compelling case for Lamborghini’s hybrid future.

Defender: A tale of two V8s

Defender: A tale of two V8s
land rover defender V8 comparison

SUVs powered by V8 engines are becoming rarer by the day. Downsizing, electrification, ever‑tightening emissions regulations – the V8 is fading. Yet here we are in 2026, with Land Rover offering not one but two V8s. On the same model! Calls for a mini celebration, doesn’t it? And something of a journey of discovery. So how, and why, does the Defender come powered by two distinctly different V8s? Are they different enough to co-exist? Do their specifications tell a story? And are they fundamentally different from behind the wheel? Answers to these and more in this fascinating tale of two V8s.

Individual identity

The Octa looks much more menacing than the regular Defender.

Job number one: telling them apart. Which is relatively easy when you have the two sitting cheek by jowl. But out on their own, with no reference and no back-and-forth visual comparison, it’s more difficult.

Now, most of us – at least those of us who admire the Defender – know the Octa. A bold move from Land Rover, it comes with BMW’s 4.4‑litre twin‑turbo S68 under the louvered bonnet. That, and its linked suspension, which make the Octa super stable over rough ground. Not only does it get the V8 from BMW’s sledgehammer M5, the Octa, like all good performance cars, wears its intent on the outside. A wider stance, flared wheel arches, square exhaust tips and a stance that screams ‘Defender on steroids’. Most of the visual enhancements are also functional, but it also looks wide-shouldered and bulked up without going over the top… a job well done. And then, of course, there is the Octa badge, both on the grille and behind the ‘C’ pillar.

L: The Defender V8 gets more traditional rounded exhausts; R: The Octa’s quad rectangular exhaust tips stand out.

The Defender V8, which gets Jaguar’s AJ133 engine, is much stealthier and less in your face. From the outside, it looks like a regular Defender. No V8 badge, no identifying features, nothing. In fact, look at it from the front or the side, and it’s almost impossible to tell. You can, however, tell from the rear. The horizontally placed quad round exhausts stick out at the rear and clearly tell you this is something special. Otherwise, this is a regular Defender – attractive and full of visual appeal, but not something that stands out as something special. Could this be the Defender’s best‑kept secret?

Supercharged slayer

Defender V8 gets ‘supercharged’ written on the cover.

From behind the wheel, the differences are stark. The AJ133 engine is a familiar friend, earlier seen in many a Jaguar and Range Rover. In this Defender, it produces 425hp, with a large Roots-type supercharger adding some refined whine to the exhaust note. The sound that dominates, however, is a silky-smooth but unmistakable V8 ‘woofle’. Rev the engine even slightly, and a meaty growl emerges with crisp burbles on the overrun. It’s not AMG loud, nowhere near, or as raucous either, but the sound of the honey-smooth V8 is pure theatre and just gets me grinning. Why does it sound so clear and clean? There’s no turbo muffling the exhaust note, of course, and no turbo lag either. Which also explains the immediacy of the throttle responses.

In fact, tap the pedal even from idle, and the Defender V8 shoots forward, the crankshaft-driven supercharger pumping air into the engine instantly. This makes the Defender V8 feel light on its feet, and what’s even more charming is that it pulls cleanly in the mid-range, the engine spinning freely and enthusiastically towards the top. This is addictive, and long pulls to the redline are just so much fun. If you value thoroughbred engine characteristics over everything else, this engine will delight you.

Supercharger makes for instant low-end response from the AJ V8.

Now, putting so much performance into a dedicated off-roader may seem futile. But what Land Rover has done is make the Defender fundamentally sound. It’s not a ladder frame, for one, so when you drive around corners, it manages to do it in a neat and tidy manner. And that’s despite the additional weighty hardware like bulky differentials, stout driveshafts, and a robust transfer case, all needed for serious off-roading and not just slippery conditions.

So it comes as something of a surprise that the Defender V8, with its light steering and neat and tidy driving manners, can handle the performance without any fuss. It speaks volumes about how well Land Rover has engineered this platform and given it both loads of on-road capability as well as bona fide off-road chops.

The AJ-V8-powered Defender is not as effective a performance machine as the Octa.

Try and use all the performance all the time, and that feeling of composure slowly fades. You start feeling the bulk, you want more stability and confidence from the brakes, and the gearbox feels slow and laid back. And what’s this, no paddle shifters? Huh?

All pumped up

The Defender Octa amps it up to another level. Bold, brash and devastatingly effective when its full potential is unleashed, it is an all new type of animal. Initial impressions, however, immediately tell you the V8 is turbocharged. Squeeze the throttle, and the responses are initially laid back. This is especially true in comparison to the supercharged V8.

Both engines are brilliant, but both are also very distinct in the manner in which they make power.

Once past the initial softness in the throttle, however, it surges forward with relentless force, a flood of torque unleashed from the turbos spooling up. And that’s even if you haven’t pinned the throttle. A few more purposeful prods of the throttle, and the massive gulf in performance between the two Defenders is soon apparent. It’s not the 0-100kph or even the 0-150kph times, it’s just the massive surge you feel in raw thrust when you feed in the throttle.

The BMW‑sourced 4.4‑litre twin‑turbo V8 is a technological powerhouse and one of the most technically complex engines around. With 635hp and up to 800Nm in launch mode, it transforms the Defender into something approaching a super off-roader. And where the Jaguar engine is all about response, this BMW one, in contrast, is all about mid‑range and top-end muscle. In fact, knock back a few gears on the quick gearbox, plant your foot, and the Defender Octa charges forward with such ferocity that you’ll question the need for anything faster.

Where the BMW engine also differs is in the soundtrack. At low revs, the turbos and cross-bank exhaust system muffle and mute the V8’s natural exuberance and growl. But while the engine sounds are muffled at low revs, they soon build into a deep, muscular roar as the revs climb. Clearly not as sweet or as sonorous as the Jaguar V8, but well in line with the heady performance the Octa delivers.  

Octa badge (and BMW part number) tell the BMW V8-powered Defender apart.

The Octa also sits higher off the ground, thanks to its Tenneco‑Monroe 6D suspension system. This clever setup links all four dampers, acting like a virtual anti‑roll bar. The result is uncanny composure as the Octa just smothers broken roads. Drive over a poorly paved surface, and you initially feel there’s something not right. The layer of insulation between the road and you is so thick, you feel almost nothing. No big movements, no being tossed around, no big thuds. And then, what really is a game changer is that the Octa stays relatively flat when you hurl it into a corner, the tall SUV staying composed and relaxed while off-road-centric tyres howl away in protest. And it isn’t just well composed in corners, there’s very little pitching either, so you fly down poorly paved and broken sections like you are riding a hovercraft-like stable platform.

This technical marvel allows the two‑and‑a‑half‑tonne off‑roader to feel agile and secure, furthering the impression that the Octa is a Defender on steroids. Also of note, this genuinely feels like two SUVs in one – a real off-roader and the other a bona fide performance SUV that can carry real speed and put power down even on gravel, dirt tracks and unpaved sections.

Defenders of the faith

So why two V8s? The answer lies in the regulations. The AJ V8 cannot meet upcoming Euro 7 norms, but India doesn’t yet enforce equivalent standards. And that allows JLR to continue offering it here. The BMW V8 future‑proofs the Defender and has created an all-new type of performance off-roader with the Octa.

These performance off-roaders are so accomplished on road, they genuinely are multi-role SUVs.

It’s also a clever product strategy. The AJ V8-powered Defender starts at Rs 1.40 crore, offering V8 thrills at a much more affordable price. The more capable Defender Octa, on the other hand, starts at a much loftier Rs 2.62 crore. One has the traditional feel of a V8, smooth, refined and powerful; the other is a bona fide performance icon, with brutal power delivery and a massive ability to carry speed over just about any surface.  

Two distinct flavours, two distinct price points, one model line.

The Defender’s dual‑V8 strategy is nothing short of remarkable. In a world where eight‑cylinders are disappearing, Land Rover offers buyers a choice between a supercharged and a turbocharged V8. Together, they make the Defender unique. And that makes this one of the most fascinating chapters in the Defender story. Take a bow, Land Rover.  

Bits, bolts, and burbles

BMW’s S68 is an ‘M’ engine that displaces 4.4 litres. It uses an aluminium block and heads, and a cross-plane crankshaft. The bore and stroke dimensions (89mm × 88.3mm) are typically BMW – square. The engine revs to 7,200rpm, and the DOHC valvetrain gets an electrically actuated VANOS system for faster, more precise camshaft phasing. The hot vee twin-turbo layout is designed to reduce turbo lag, and the cross-bank exhaust manifold merges pulses to optimise turbine efficiency. This sacrifices some of the traditional V8 burble but sharpens response. To handle the extra loads, a high-capacity oil pump with an external oil cooler ensures consistent pressure under high lateral loads, while a multi-stage cooling circuit stabilises temperatures during track use. The S68 also integrates a 48V mild-hybrid system that provides a 9kW and 200Nm of torque fill.

Defender V8 fact file

 110 P425*Octa
PriceRs 1.40 croreRs 2.62 crore
Kerb weight2,434kg2,585kg
Engine5,000cc supercharged V84,395cc twin-turbo V8
Bore and stroke92.5mm x 93.0mm89mm x 88.3mm
Compression ratio9.510.5
Power425hp at 6600rpm635hp at 7000rpm
Torque550Nm from 1800-5000rpm750Nm from 1800-5855rpm
Claimed 0-100kph time5.8sec4.0sec
Maximum speed191kph250kph

*The supercharged-V8 Defender variants are temporarily unavailable for purchase in India, but they’re expected to return soon.

The Jaguar AJ V8 is a family of aluminium V8s produced from 1996 onwards. Offered in naturally aspirated and supercharged forms, it was Jaguar’s flagship petrol engine, engineered to combine refinement with strong performance. Evolving through three generations, the aluminium block and heads kept weight down to around 205-215kg, and it used chain driven camshafts, later evolving to double roller chains for greater durability. Supercharged “R” variants like the one in the Defender pushed outputs to 450hp, giving cars like the XJR and XKR formidable pace at the time. By 2009, the Gen III AJ V8 expanded to 5.0 litres (94 × 92mm bore and stroke), introduced direct fuel injection, and raised compression to 11.5:1. Power on the supercharged versions could exceed 500hp, and this 450hp version, with a bit of digital massaging, could also be made to increase in power.

All prices are ex-showroom, India.

Verstappen commits to Red Bull F1 till 2030

Verstappen commits to Red Bull F1 till 2030
Max Verstappen Red Bull F1

Max Verstappen has signed a multi-year contract extension with Red Bull Racing, ending long-standing speculation about his future in Formula 1. The four-time F1 world champion’s current contract already ran until 2028, albeit with performance-related clauses. The new deal will see him stay with Red Bull Racing until at least the end of the 2030 season.

“I am really pleased with the contract extension. We have the best people and I’m excited to keep working together with everyone to get back to the top again. This remains the ultimate goal that all of us have been working towards and will continue to pursue,” Verstappen said.

  1. Verstappen extends Red Bull contract by two years
  2. Dutchman has won 4 F1 drivers’ titles and 71 races with the team so far
Max Verstappen Laurent Mekies Red Bull F1

The Verstappen-Red Bull partnership has been one of the most successful in F1 history. Verstappen first joined the team back in 2026, following a mid-season promotion from the sister Toro Rosso team. Since then, he’s won four drivers’ titles and 71 races with Red Bull Racing. 

However, Verstappen has been a vocal critic of the new power unit regulations. Red Bull has also had its fair share of reliability and balance concerns this season, and the team’s management has changed significantly in the recent months. All of this has further fuelled speculation linking Verstappen to a potential switch to Mercedes or McLaren. But he’s put that speculation to rest on the eve of his home race at Zandvoort.

“I have always said it: The team [Red Bull Racing] is like a second family for me and I feel very at home. I came to the team hoping to be able to win races. What we went on to achieve together has been simply lovely and we have shared many incredible moments and won four World Championships. To continue this journey with the same team that I have been with my whole career is really special and something I have always wanted to do,” Verstappen stated.

“Getting to work with Laurent now for over a year has also been great, I see a clear vision he has for the team. Everyone in Milton Keynes believes in what we are building and I am looking forward to the next chapter, fighting for more victories and competing for championships as we continue to shape the future of this Team. To make this announcement during the last Grand Prix at Zandvoort is a great moment for me as well. Hopefully we can give the fans a special send-off for the final race.”

Red Bull Racing F1 team principal Laurent Mekies added, “Having Max continue with us and retaining the best driver on the grid is fantastic news for everyone at Red Bull, Oracle Red Bull Racing, as well as F1 and motorsport as a whole.”
 

Skoda India to bring EVs as limited imports next year

Skoda India to bring EVs as limited imports next year
Skoda Peaq front quarter static

Skoda Auto India plans to bring electric vehicles from its global portfolio to India in limited volumes next year as the Czech automaker looks to establish its presence in the EV market. According to Ashish Gupta, Brand Director, Skoda Auto India, the company needs an electric vehicle in its portfolio not only to meet future regulatory requirements but also to remain relevant as EV adoption gathers pace in India.

Skoda India to bring EVs: Additional details 

“A lot of things are under discussion. So, for meeting the CAFÉ norms, there are a lot of opportunities available along with electrification, which has to be the cornerstone of meeting all compliance regulations. So that is something which we are aggressively working on,” Gupta told our sister publication, Autocar Professional.

Gupta added that the company needs an electric car in its portfolio since adoption has grown in the last 3 months owing to increasing fuel prices. While Skoda has yet to announce a specific locally manufactured EV for India, Gupta confirmed that the company plans to introduce EVs from its global line-up next year.

“It may not be a local EV, but yes, we just had two blockbuster launches globally of the Epiq and the Peaq. The Elroq is the best-selling EV in Europe. So these are opportunities available to us in limited batches,” he said. He added that in the current duty structure, it will not be possible to bring them at price points that will get volumes. “But definitely we need to urgently showcase our EV credentials and the proof point to India,” he added. 

This will allow Skoda to establish a presence in the EV market without immediately committing to the significant investment required to localise an electric model. With imported EVs still facing a challenging cost structure, Gupta said the initial objective would be to demonstrate the brand’s technology and capabilities rather than chase mass-market volumes. 

Skoda India’s hybrid ambitions take a slow gear 

Skoda’s approach to hybrids, meanwhile, appears less certain. Gupta said the company had previously viewed hybrids as a potentially stronger opportunity than EVs in India, but market data over the past two years has changed his assessment.

“Two years ago, I would have said I would take a bet on hybrid more than EV. But the tax structure has not helped anybody. In the last year, pure hybrids have stayed at 2% of the market. They have not gone beyond that. So, I am not sure whether hybrid is the right way to go. And what the last 6 months have also shown us is that people are more than willing to go for EVs now,” he said. 

The current trade and taxation structure also influences the company’s hesitation. Gupta said the India-EU Free Trade Agreement, while potentially creating opportunities for imported petrol and diesel models, does not provide similar benefits for EVs and hybrid electric vehicles. “I think from a global portfolio point of view, and if I want to bring the cars from the global portfolio with the contours of the FTA as they are, petrol and diesel will definitely be an opportunity. The diesel opportunity opens up; HEVs and electrics do not have any benefit, unfortunately,” he said. 

Gupta said the brand’s positioning in India is a bit above mass and below luxury. “That’s our natural positioning; that’s why customers buy us as well, and if we try to sell to cheap customers, they don’t buy us. If we try to sell to expensive customers, they don’t buy from us. So we have to stay true to our positioning and how customers see us,” he said. The immediate priority, Gupta adds, is to get EVs into the country as the company continues to assess which powertrains can deliver the right combination of regulatory compliance, customer demand and commercial viability.

With inputs from Ketan Thakkar

We see a drop in India due to PHEV import duty uncertainty: Lamborghini CEO

We see a drop in India due to PHEV import duty uncertainty: Lamborghini CEO
We see a drop in India due to PHEV import duty uncertainty:  Lamborghini CEO

On the sidelines of the world premiere of the Lamborghini Revuelto SV, the brand’s president and CEO, Stephan Winkelmann, spoke to journalists about the new flagship hybrid supercar, the move away from EVs and even the Indian market.

India-EU FTA hybrid uncertainty could pose a problem 

A hot topic at the moment is the India-EU free trade agreement (FTA) soon to come into effect, which promises to make imported cars a whole lot more affordable. While that’s great news for most super-sportscar brands, it’s not so for Lamborghini, as the India-EU FTA offers no clarity about benefits for hybrid cars, which make up the Italian brand’s entire range.

“The decision was made, I think, at the beginning of the year to lower the import taxes, but not for PHEVs,” said Winkelmann, responding to a question from Autocar India. “So, we see a drop in the market due to the uncertainty which is created by this. And there is still not enough clarity.”

While other brands do have some pure-ICE models, the prices of which are already being reduced ahead of the FTA’s introduction, at present, hybrid and EV models continue to attract the full import duty as before. Having moved away from pure-ICE models entirely, Lamborghini unfortunately bears the full brunt, at least for now.

Lamborghini’s current line-up features only hybrid models. 

“I think this will come only in four years’ time. And this, for sure, is not helping the decision to buy a plug-in hybrid car, which is coming from [Lamborghini].”

Can ethanol-blended petrol work in Lamborghinis?

Regarding another hot topic in our country at the moment, Winkelmann responded to another question from Autocar India, suggesting that given the uncertainty around traditional fuels, blended biofuels were not off the table for Lamborghini.

“In Europe, we are extremely positive about it and are going to make a decision on biofuels soon,” he said, highlighting that any decision around the matter would have to start from its home region. “For us, this is a very important market, as you might know.” 

He was quick to point out that the quality of fuel is what’s most important for any of Lamborghini’s models and their high-performance plug-in hybrid powertrains. While ethanol blending does increase the RON (Research Octane Number) of the fuel, it also depends on the petrol it is being blended with, which varies from market to market.

“They already exist, those fuels, but it always depends on how good they are. If you have a low octane, then you cannot use them for our type of cars. You have to have a minimum of 95 octane, and this is sometimes, with the few fuels around the globe, not available,” he stated, reiterating that such a decision would have to be globally compatible. “I don’t know exactly how this is in India.”

Revuelto SV arrives before Revuelto Roadster

As for the main event, Lamborghini has just revealed the Revuelto SV, the hotter version of its flagship V12 PHEV supercar, limited to 1,963 units. With increased performance, redone suspension and far more advanced aerodynamics, its goal is to surpass the Revuelto to become the highest-performance Lamborghini of them all. SV models date all the way back to the Miura SV from 1971, but this is the first time an SV has been launched so soon after the standard model, arriving before even a convertible Roadster model.

“I have to tell you that the coupe was and is so successful that it was exceeding all our expectations, even the most positive ones,” Winkelmann said in response to Autocar India. “So, we decided to go immediately from Revuelto to Revuelto Superveloce. And the first feedbacks we are getting on the Superveloce are really outstanding.”

The additional 50hp is extracted from an upgraded battery and motor rather than from the V12 engine, which Lamborghini says was intentional, as it allowed for better control and faster distribution of the power.

“We use the battery to create more boost and a better distribution of power output than only with the internal combustion engine. Also, together with the torque vectoring, the feeling of driving a car at speed is very much improved in comparison with the [purely] internal combustion engine guise of the past generations,” Winkelmann said.

Lamborghini customers don’t want EVs 

That said, the engine is essential. Not long before rival Ferrari unveiled its first EV, the Luce, Lamborghini announced its decision to delay its own first electric offering, the Lanzador, which was scheduled to launch before 2030. The Lanzador – also a low-slung four-seat crossover – will now get a hybrid powertrain instead, as an EV would simply not be emotional enough for Lamborghini customers.

 “Why? Because the customer behaviour towards what we were proposing at the beginning of this decade has changed; they are not adopting electric cars,” said Winkelmann. “I’m talking about our type of customers, because you don’t buy a Lamborghini because you need a Lamborghini or you need a car; you buy it because you want to fulfil your dreams. We are not selling mobility; we are selling emotions.”

He also stated that, Indian regulations aside, the brand’s all-PHEV line-up has proven to be a successful approach, at once helping meet prevailing and upcoming emissions regulations while also retaining the emotional appeal of an ICE engine that’s core to the brand.

“You have the sound, the vibration of an internal combustion engine, but you also have all the advantages of the new technology,” he said. “The combination of battery and internal combustion engine for us is not a transition period, but it’s really something which is here to stay.”

Vimal Elaichi विज्ञापन पर फंसे शाहरुख खान, अजय देवगन और टाइगर श्रॉफ! महाराष्ट्र FDA ने भेजा नोटिस

Maharashtra FDA Action: बॉलीवुड के तीन बड़े सुपरस्टार शाहरुख खान, अजय देवगन और टाइगर श्रॉफ विमल इलायची विज्ञापन को लेकर मुश्किल में घिरते नजर आ रहे हैं। महाराष्ट्र फूड एंड ड्रग एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन (FDA) ने तीनों अभिनेताओं को Vimal Elaichi के विज्ञापन में उनकी भूमिका को लेकर ‘शो-कॉज नोटिस’ यानी कारण बताओ नोटिस जारी किया है। FDA को आशंका है कि यह विज्ञापन प्रतिबंधित तंबाकू उत्पाद Vimal Pan Masala के अप्रत्यक्ष या सरोगेट प्रचार से जुड़ा हो सकता है।

FDA ने तीनों कलाकारों से विज्ञापन में उनकी भागीदारी और Vimal ब्रांड को जिस तरीके से पेश किया गया है, उसके बारे में स्पष्टीकरण मांगा है। बताए गए कंज्यूमर प्रोटेक्शन कानूनों के तहत गुमराह करने वाले विज्ञापनों के लिए 10 लाख रुपये से 50 लाख रुपये तक का जुर्माना लग सकता है। सात ही एंडोर्स करने वालों पर तीन साल तक किसी भी प्रोडक्ट को एंडोर्स करने पर रोक लगाई जा सकती है।

साथ 2022 में एक्टर अक्षय कुमार ने शाहरुख खान और अजय देवगन के साथ विमल इलायची के विज्ञापन में दिखने के बाद आलोचना का सामना करने पर फैंस से माफी मांगी थी। उनकी यह सार्वजनिक माफी तब आई जब सोशल मीडिया यूज़र्स ने कहा कि इस ad को एक्टर द्वारा तंबाकू प्रोडक्ट को प्रमोट करने के तौर पर देखा जा सकता है।

शाहरुख, अजय और टाइगर को कहां भेजा गया नोटिस?

FDA ने एक्टर्स शाहरुख खान, अजय देवगन और टाइगर श्रॉफ को विज्ञापन के जरिए राज्य में बैन प्रोडक्ट ‘पान मसाला’ को इनडायरेक्ट रूप से प्रमोट करने के लिए नोटिस जारी किया है। ये तीनों एक्टर्स 2024 में पान मसाला कंपनी ‘विमल’ की इलायची को प्रमोट करने वाले एक विज्ञापन के लिए साथ आए थे। महाराष्ट्र के फूड सेफ्टी चीफ तुकाराम मुंडे की ओर से 11 अगस्त को जारी शो-कॉज नोटिस में एक्टर्स को तुरंत कैंपेन से हटने और ऐड से जुड़े सभी प्रमोशनल कंटेंट को अपने आखिकारिक सोशल मीडिया हैंडल से हटाने का निर्देश दिया गया।

NDTV के मुताबिक, मुंडे ने 9 पेज के नोटिस में कहा है, “विज्ञापन की जांच करने पर पहली नजर में ऐसा लगता है कि यह ad ‘विमल’ ब्रांड को प्रमोट करता है, जो मुख्य रूप से पान मसाला से जुड़ा है। पान मसाला महाराष्ट्र राज्य में बनाने, स्टोर करने, ट्रांसपोर्ट करने, डिस्ट्रीब्यूट करने और बेचने पर बैन है।” उन्होंने कहा कि विज्ञापन में ‘विमल इलायची’ शब्द का इस्तेमाल इस तरह किया गया है। इससे विमल पान मसाला ब्रांड के साथ जुड़ाव बनता हुआ दिखता है।

‘कंज्यूमर्स गुमराह हो सकते हैं’

इस नोटिस में कहा गया है कि इससे कंज्यूमर्स गुमराह हो सकते हैं। बैन प्रोडक्ट की ब्रांड पहचान को इनडायरेक्ट रूप से बढ़ावा मिल सकता है। साथ ही, इसमें राज्य-व्यापी बैन ऑर्डर का भी जिक्र किया गया है, जो पब्लिक हेल्थ और सेफ्टी नियमों का हवाला देते हुए महाराष्ट्र में पान मसाला बनाने, स्टोर करने, डिस्ट्रीब्यूट करने और बेचने पर सख्ती से रोक लगाता है।

उन्होंने आगे कहा, “अगर इलायची या इसी तरह के प्रोडक्ट के नाम से ‘विमल’ ब्रांड का इस्तेमाल पान मसाला/तंबाकू से जुड़े प्रोडक्ट्स की ब्रांड पहचान और कंज्यूमर्स के आकर्षण को बनाए रखने, मजबूत करने या बढ़ाने के मकसद से किया जाता है, तो ऐसा कम्युनिकेशन सिर्फ एक इंडिपेंडेंट प्रोडक्ट का विज्ञापन नहीं माना जाएगा। बल्कि यह बैन/रिस्ट्रिक्टेड प्रोडक्ट का इनडायरेक्ट या सरोगेट प्रमोशन हो सकता है।”

FDA को किस बात पर है आपत्ति?

ड्रग एडमिनिस्ट्रेशन ने सवाल उठाया है कि Vimal Elaichi के नाम से किया गया विज्ञापन कहीं प्रतिबंधित तंबाकू या निकोटीन वाले उत्पाद का अप्रत्यक्ष प्रचार तो नहीं कर रहा। महाराष्ट्र में तंबाकू या निकोटीन युक्त पान मसाला पर बैन लागू है। ताजा प्रतिबंध 13 जुलाई से प्रभावी हुआ है। यह एक साल तक लागू रहेगा।

10 लाख रुपये तक लग सकता है जुर्माना

महाराष्ट्र FDA ने इस मामले में ‘Food Safety and Standards Act (FSS Act), 2006’ की धारा 24 और धारा 53 का हवाला दिया है। धारा 24 भ्रामक या धोखा देने वाले खाद्य विज्ञापनों से संबंधित है। वहीं, धारा 53 के तहत भ्रामक खाद्य विज्ञापन के प्रकाशन में शामिल पाए जाने पर 10 लाख रुपये तक का जुर्माना लगाया जा सकता है।

FDA ने नोटिस में ‘Food Safety and Standards (Advertising and Claims) Regulations, 2018’ का भी उल्लेख किया है। हालांकि, नोटिस जारी होना अपने आप में दोष सिद्ध होना नहीं है। तीनों एक्टर्स से जवाब मांगा गया है। आगे की कार्रवाई उनके जवाब तथा जांच के निष्कर्षों पर निर्भर करेगी।

महाराष्ट्र में FDA का बड़ा एक्शन

अभिनेताओं को नोटिस ऐसे समय पर जारी किए गए हैं जब महाराष्ट्र FDA ने गुटखा और तंबाकू या निकोटीन वाले प्रतिबंधित पान मसाला उत्पादों के खिलाफ अभियान तेज कर रखा है। FDA के आंकड़ों के मुताबिक, “25 मई से 31 जुलाई के बीच अधिकारियों ने 658 ठिकानों पर छापेमारी की। इन कार्रवाइयों में करीब ₹15.11 करोड़ का प्रतिबंधित स्टॉक जब्त किया गया।” इस दौरान, 519 FIR दर्ज की गईं और 701 लोगों को गिरफ्तार किया गया। इसके अलावा प्रतिबंधित उत्पादों के कथित परिवहन में इस्तेमाल किए जा रहे 78 वाहन भी जब्त किए गए, जिनमें रखे सामान की कीमत करीब ₹6.6 करोड़ बताई गई।

ये भी पढ़ें- Delhi-NCR Flats: दिल्ली से सिर्फ 5 km दूर खरीदें अपने सपनों का घर! GDA दे रहा ₹20 लाख में फ्लैट, 7 साल की आसान किस्त का मौका

पुलिस के साथ मिलकर भी कार्रवाई

FDA का अभियान सिर्फ खाद्य विभाग तक सीमित नहीं है। 12 जून को FDA कमिश्नर तुकाराम मुंढे ने अधिकारियों को पुलिस के साथ मिलकर ऐसे मामलों में कार्रवाई करने के निर्देश दिए थे। यहां प्रतिबंधित गुटखा, तंबाकू या निकोटीन वाले पान मसाला उत्पादों का कारोबार संगठित नेटवर्क के जरिए किया जा रहा हो। इन मामलों में महाराष्ट्र कंट्रोल ऑफ ऑर्गनाइज्ड क्राइम एक्ट (MCOCA), 1999 के प्रावधानों के इस्तेमाल की संभावनाएं तलाशने को भी कहा गया था।

ये भी पढ़े- Delhi-NCR Flats: दिल्ली से सिर्फ 5 km दूर खरीदें अपने सपनों का घर! GDA दे रहा ₹20 लाख में फ्लैट, 7 साल की आसान किस्त का मौका

Audi global CEO backs broader powertrain mix as regional strategy takes shape

Audi CEO Gernot Dollner next to an A6 Avant

Audi will pursue a broader powertrain strategy spanning battery-electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids and combustion engines, stepping away from its earlier plan to become an all-electric carmaker. Global CEO Gernot Döllner said he reviewed Audi’s all-electric strategy after taking charge and decided that the company needed a more balanced product and powertrain mix to address the varying pace of EV adoption across markets.

“When I joined Audi, there was an all-electric strategy in place, which was one of the first things I reviewed,” Döllner told Autocar India in an exclusive interview. “We found a more balanced strategy between plug-in hybrids, especially important for Europe, combustion engine and electric.”

Global EV sales downturn lent ICE powertrains more time

The slower-than-expected pace of EV adoption in several global markets has extended the relevance of combustion engines and plug-in hybrids. Audi expects to retain a focused combustion-engine and plug-in-hybrid portfolio, particularly for SUVs.

Audi Q3 PHEV

The company has recently completed a major investment cycle covering new petrol and diesel engines, plug-in hybrids and battery-electric vehicles designed to meet Euro 7 and other global regulations.

“For sure, the majority of our investment will be in battery electric. That’s a given,” Döllner said.

Audi will continue to invest selectively in combustion engines, including efficiency improvements and transmission technology, but Döllner expects the pace of innovation to be much faster in EVs.

Audi RS5 plug-in hybrid powertrain

“The combustion engine is fairly mature. It’s at the very end of a 100-year innovation cycle, and battery electric is still at the very beginning, to be honest,” he said. “The dominant part of our investment will definitely be on the battery-electric side.”

Electric remains Audi’s leading technology

Audi’s decision to retain combustion engines and plug-in hybrids does not alter its long-term direction towards electric vehicles.

“Electric is, for Audi, still the leading technology,” Döllner said. “It’s our main priority to step by step become more electric.”

Prototypes of upcoming Audi A2 e-tron

Audi currently has four battery-electric model lines globally and expects to increase this to five by the end of the year, with some available in more than one body style. The company will, however, tailor the powertrain mix to individual regions. Plug-in hybrids will be particularly important in Europe, while the requirements of the US market will influence Audi’s future combustion-engine and PHEV portfolio, especially for SUVs.

In India, Audi’s immediate focus remains on petrol and electric vehicles. Diesel is not part of its current plan. The case for plug-in hybrids will depend partly on whether they receive any benefit under the India-EU FTA. New electric products are also planned for India.

Audi Q6 e-tron

“From what I know, we also have decided to enter with new products in the electric segment in India,” Döllner said.

Audi has decided to assemble an electric vehicle in India, Autocar India learns, although the model and launch timing are still being worked out. The move from fully imported EVs to local assembly is now a question of when, rather than if.

The company was among the first luxury carmakers to enter India’s EV market with models such as the e-tron, e-tron Sportback, e-tron GT and Q8 e-tron. High import duties, however, restricted their reach and affected their resale-value proposition.

Audi Q6 e-tron

The Q6 e-tron is among the products being studied, but Audi has not decided which EV will be assembled in India. The selected model will need to offer the right combination of volume, pricing and suitability for local conditions.

Audi believes electric SUVs make more practical sense in India because their ground clearance is better suited to local road conditions. Sedans have not been ruled out, but SUVs offer a more practical proposition for battery-electric vehicles in the country.

Regional focus to shape future products

The broader powertrain approach is part of Döllner’s effort to make Audi more responsive to the requirements of individual regions.

“Audi has to act much more regional,” he said. “The times where we had a one size fits all, and we then bring it to China, just extend the wheelbase and do the same car, that doesn’t work anymore. We have to listen carefully to the markets.”

The Q9 is the first clear example of that approach. Conceived around the requirements of American customers, it will be the first Audi to make its market debut in the US.

Audi Q9

“The Q9 is a perfect proof point of a car. The biggest Audi we’ve ever built,” Döllner said. “That car would not be there without the American market.”

India does not yet generate the volumes required for Audi to develop country-specific models. Local requirements covering ground clearance, suspension, tyres, weather, dust and fuel quality are, however, fed into its global development process. The introduction of new models in India is also expected to move closer to their global launches, helping Audi benefit from the interest created when a vehicle is revealed internationally.

Döllner said the improvement in India’s manufacturing and automotive technology has changed how the country is viewed within the global industry.

Audi Q9

“India is also an excellent proof point. It’s really unbelievable what the car industry has developed in India and what level of perfection and technology products are delivered,” he said.

“In the past, there has been this strong European automotive industry, and the world has turned around. Now we have a very dynamic Chinese market, a growing and rising Indian automotive industry. The US is a story of its own.”

“What keeps me awake at night is if we are able to change fast enough,” Döllner said. “We have to speed up.”